Sunday, March 26, 2017

A641.1.3.RB - What is Great Leadership?

View "What is Great Leadership" by Dr. Richard Boyatzis. Dr. Boyatzis explains the impact most effective leaders can have on you. Stop the video when he asks you to complete his exercise. Complete the exercise and then watch the rest of the video. Finally, write up your results as a reflection blog
So what is great leadership?  I pondered that question before beginning this exercise.  I thought about all the great leaders I have personally interacted with and those who I have read about.  I concluded that all of these leaders were different in some way.  That is inevitable considering no two people are the same.  However, the biggest commonality I recognized was the positivity these great leaders exuded.  This exercise asked me to think of a leader who brought out the best in me and a leader who did not bring out the best in me.  Additionally, I was asked to think about the things they said or did and how they made me or others around me feel.  

The person who immediately came to mind when thinking about bringing out the best in me or following anywhere was Jaimy.  My first interaction with her was during a job interview.  I remember feeling a bit intimidated because her intelligence and common sense were both evident.  She is one of those rare people who is incredibly intelligent, yet knows how to apply common sense and can comfortably adapt to any situation.  I did well in my interview, was hired, and she became my boss.  I had heard from outside the department about how Jaimy was very rigid, difficult to work with, and in a sense just plain mean.  I found quite the opposite to be true.  I also discovered people from outside her department perceived her this way because she was just very straightforward.  She didn’t sugarcoat anything and told it like it was.  Most people weren’t used to this style and interpreted it as a negative.  Which is confusing since she acts in such a positive way.  I think people are just used to the charades people play in a work environment by trying to make everyone happy and not hurt any feelings.  Jaimy is transparent and authentic and there is never an ulterior motive with what she says or does.  She truly built such a strong team through her positive attitude and actions.  For example, she routinely organized “get togethers” at her house and team lunches.  I learned these experiences built a strong team bond and we eventually connected with each other as a family, not just a team at work. She also would take care of her employees by providing protection when any threats occurred.  She would rather handle any issues internally than allow things to be broadcasted outside our department.  

Jaimy was also very enthusiastic, motivated, and passionate about everything, which naturally pushed others to act the same way.  This helped us individually and as a team because “when our leaders exude enthusiasm, realistic optimism, and genuine concern we have more energy for our work and can face challenges more creatively” (Boyatzis & McKee, 2005, p. 24).  She is a true resonant leader since she knows “that emotions are contagious, and that their own emotions are powerful drivers of people’s moods, and ultimately, performance” (Boyatzis & McKee, 2005, p. 4).  She was extremely supportive of me and made me feel valued.  Finally, her modesty and humility are like none I have ever witnessed.  I recently found out she graduated from West Point and has three Master’s degrees.  Most people would constantly publicize such accomplishments.  But not Jaimy.  

On the other end of the spectrum of who brought out the best in me and wanting to follow is Ed.  He taught me the valuable lesson of how a great or even average leader should not act.  Ed was one of my supervisors around the midpoint of my Air Force career.  I mentioned before how all great leaders possess positive characteristics.  Ed was negative about everything and that energy spilled over to everyone around him.  I hated going to work every day.  Not because of the work, but because I knew I had to interact with him and his behavior made me nauseous.  As an NCO and supervisor, he was supposed to set the example for his subordinates.  Yet, he spent more time and energy engaging in negative behavior like gossiping, lying, and degradation.  His subordinates consisted of a team of five, in which I was part of.  We were a very tight-knit and cohesive group.  We were also close friends outside of work and spent a lot of time together.  It was like Ed cared more about trying to be part of our group than being a leader, mentor, or coach.  He could care less about growing us or looking out for our best interests.  He was a very self-centered person and only looked out for himself.  For whatever reason, he did not like me.  He was always very short with me whenever there were discussions, both socially and professionally.  At first, I thought it was just me being paranoid.  However, my friends validated my suspicions when they all asked me why Ed did not like me so much.  So, they also noticed how he treated me.  It was a very difficult and awkward time for me because I never experienced anything like that before.  One of my strengths was my ability to always get along with everyone and work great together.  To this day, his dislike towards me baffles me and will go as one of those unanswered questions as to why.  Maybe his stress caused him to be dissonant and use me as his whipping post.  Either way, considering the contagious nature of emotions, his dissonance had a significant impact on me.  I experienced feelings of isolation, distrust, and not valued.  Boyatzis & McKee (2005) state “when the leader is inauthentic or overtly expressing destructive emotions, dissonance in the team and even in the organization is almost inevitable” (p. 27).  We were a very good team, however, we could have been great if our leader valued us and exhibited resonance.   


Reference:

Boyatzis, R. E., & McKee, A. (2005). Resonant leadership. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.

Sunday, March 12, 2017

A633.9.3.RB - Polyarchy Reflections

Most leadership models have the assumption of oligarchy – leadership is done by a few leaders over many followers. If polyarchy is fast replacing the old oligarchy assumptions does this make these old leadership models redundant?  Reflecting on traditional leadership from the perspective of complex adaptive leadership, address the implications and how they will affect you as a leader in the future.


The VA, like many organizations, measure their effectiveness using metrics.  This method essentially quantifies how well or how poorly the organization is performing in a specific area.  One such area is patient wait times or how long it takes for a veteran to be seen by a provider.  Some medical centers accel in this area whereas others struggle to meet the required metrics.  Not all medical centers are created equal and different variables contribute to each facility’s challenges.  For example, staffing numbers, local veteran population, and post-war environments are just some components affecting patient wait times.  With that said, would it make sense to measure all VA medical centers equally?  I don’t think so.  The metrics should be adjusted accordingly.  This ensures adaptability occurs appropriate to fluctuating variables.  Just as it is necessary to make adjustments and be adaptable on an organizational level, the same holds true on a leadership level.  

Times are changing. Markets are evolving and environments are becoming more complex.  Therefore, leadership strategy and principles also need to adjust accordingly to be effective.  Despite an increased emergence of polyarchy seen in organizational settings I don’t believe traditional leadership models will ever completely be obsolete.  Tweaked, yes.  Extinct, no.  Traditional leadership models have been poked and prodded by the leadership probe for years.  The strengths and weaknesses of each have been thoroughly investigated and leadership guru’s have exhaustively suggested improvements.  Polyarchy is another way to adjust such traditional leadership models to be more effective in that environment.  Obolensky (2014) discusses how there are older, more traditional models that are well known and have stood the test of time. He also suggests by looking differently at traditional leadership models, newer models such as Collin’s Level 5 Leadership and Badaracco’s Quiet Leadership are emerging by their “new ways of looking at leadership” (p. 201).   From a complex adaptive leadership perspective, I think traditional leadership models have their place with polyarchy and will sometimes serve as a solid leadership foundation to be adapted appropriately.  For example, Obolensky (2010) states, “An understanding of how polyarchy can work will differ in each organization as each one has its own experience and unique perspective. But as has been shown, traditional leadership models and practices can be seen in a new light” (p. 206).  This impacts how I move forward on becoming a better leader.  I must never become so focused on approaching leadership in a singular manner that I lose sight of other strategies that may be more effective.  Additionally, knowing that polyarchy can be applied to traditional leadership models, I can better facilitate personal leadership by understanding “the key difference is that under a polyarchy the leader ensures the process rather than doing the process which is implied under an oligarchic assumption” (Obolensky, 2014, p. 203).

Include a discussion of your leadership development needs over the next 3 years and identify the resources that will help you achieve such a development.  Use all you have learned as well as the 70–20–10 approach.  What impact will all of this have on your future strategy?


I recently began a new career as a contracting specialist.  Therefore, I feel like I am sort of starting over.  A kind of blank slate so to speak.  Granted, I have learned valuable skills through formal training and experiences throughout my career which will help me towards a successful path.  However, I am also now in a highly complex field where those close to my age already have years of contracting experience.  I feel like this puts me at a disadvantage when having to compete for a promotion and will take quite some time to get to a point of proficiency and comfort in my abilities to perform effectively.  I know this will take time but I am up for the challenge.  Throughout learning my new position I know I also have to maintain a focus on my leadership development.  I can establish a plan to help achieve this development by using the 70-20-10 approach.  According to Kyle Westway, a Harvard lecturer, attorney and thought leader, “everyone should use this chart as a career roadmap, devoting 70 percent of their time to their core competency, 20 percent on related projects, and 10 percent to learning new skills and working on side projects” (Groth, 2012, para. 3).  Devoting 70 percent of my time towards my core competency will be the most difficult obstacle since it already feels like I am devoting 100 percent of my time to this area.  I should clarify this is 100 percent of my work hours, not 24 hours.  As I become more proficient in my core competency I will be able to branch out and pursue other projects within my organization to satisfy the 20 segment.  As far as the 10, I am already fulfilling it by taking leadership related courses for my Master’s degree.  Even after I obtain this degree, there are a plethora of options available.  For instance, I can step out of my comfort zone and volunteer for a program within my organization that will strengthen personal networks and collaboration.


References:
Groth, A. (2012, Nov. 27). Everyone Should Use Google's Original '70-20-10 Model' to Map Out Their Career. Retrieved from Business Insider: http://www.businessinsider.com/kyle-westaway-how-to-manage-your-career-2012-11
Jennings, C. (n.d.). 70-20-10 Forum. Retrieved from 70-20-10 Forum: http://www.702010forum.com/

Obolensky, N. (2014). Complex adaptive leadership: embracing paradox and uncertainty (2nd ed.). Farnham, Surrey, UK: Gower.

Monday, March 6, 2017

A633.8.3.RB - How to Better Enable Leadership

Interview both superiors and subordinates in your organization with questions focused on the central theme of how the organization can better enable leadership at all levels.

  • Reflect on the results of your investigation from the perspective of action research.

  • Describe in detail the implications from an organizational perspective as well as an individual perspective.

  • How can the information be used to build a better organization?

  • What role can you play to promote leadership at every level of the organization?


This course has taught me many things.  One of those is that leadership occurs at all levels of an organization and is not limited to only those in formal leadership roles.  However, as with anything, there is always room for improvement.  I approached some designated leaders as well as subordinates in my organization to discuss how leadership at all levels can be better facilitated.  There was a wide array of responses, but a couple topics seemed to be talked about most.  The first subject was increased trust.  This did not mean both upward and downward trust was nonexistent.  It meant increased trust in abilities to perform.  From a subordinate’s perspective, they want their superiors to give them the flexibility, space, and trust to perform.  Micromanaging is detrimental to the individual because it makes them feel as if they will not succeed no matter how much effort they put forth.  A lack of trust also paralyzes an organization to perform at an optimal level.  The individuals in leadership positions were well aware increased trust was needed.  Many felt they were too involved in too many areas and must put more trust in their subordinates.  Leaders who fear letting go bring unwanted stress on themselves because they take on too much and are afraid of not having all the answers (Obolensky, 2014).
Another common response related to mentoring and coaching.  Subordinates and leadership were both aware that training was sufficient, but both were also equally aware things need to go to the next level if leadership is to occur at all levels.  Both mentoring and coaching are exceptional tools to develop everyone in the organization.  Ilesanmi (2011) suggests that "mentoring can sharpen a leader’s skills and approach to the workplace. One of the essential goals of being a mentor is to set good examples for protégé. A leader’s understanding that he carry such responsibility for providing sound, accurate guidance to a protégé often serves as motivation to work harder, and to take a fresh look at old issues" (pg. 172).  Coaching is a tool that can improve strategy or assist organizations and individuals by exploring the best possible options that work for each.  It can be used to develop leaders since it “focuses on helping another person learn in ways that let him or her keep growing afterward” (Frankovelgia, 2010). Nobody is immune to needing improvement.  Luke Iorio, president and CEO of the Institute for Professional Excellence in Coaching (iPEC), suggests "Coaching is about helping the people you lead recognize the choices they have in front of them. People will [then] take a great deal of ownership over the direction of the project" (Taylor, 2016).
The best role I can play within my organization is to trust, coach, and mentor those around me when opportunities present themselves.  I am not a supervisor and therefore do not have a formal leadership designation.  However, this course has shown me that leadership can be demonstrated by each and every employee in an organization.  I can promote leadership at all levels through strengthening established relationships and building new ones.  This can be accomplished by simply taking a new employee in my department under my wing, engaging in a coaching session with my supervisor, or having a candid discussion with my facility director about some ideas to improve the organization.  

References:

Frankovelgia, C. (2010). The Key To Effective Coaching. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/2010/04/28/coaching-talent-development-leadership-managing-ccl.html

Ilesanmi, O. O. (2011). Workplace mentoring: learning and developmental approaches: chapter 14. IFE PsychologIA: An International Journal, 2011(Special issue 1), 169-179.

Obolensky, N. (2014). Complex adaptive leadership: embracing paradox and uncertainty (2nd ed.). Farnham, Surrey, UK: Gower.
Taylor, N. (2016, February 01). 8 Simple Ways to Become a Better Leader. Retrieved March 02, 2017, from http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/4991-effective-leadership-skills.html